Ghana gained independence in 1957. Kwame Nkrumah, leader of the Conventions People's Party, was Ghana's Prime Minister. He later became president when it was declared a Republic in 1960. Nkrumah's term in office did not help Ghana's political or economic status. In fact, he's often still blamed for for the instability that the country faces today. His term lasted until 1966, when his regime was overthrown by the military.

In 1979, with Air Force Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings leading the way, the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) came into power. Months later, the AFRC gave governmental power to the People's National Party, under President Hilla Limann. In December 1981, Rawlings deposed Limann and once again established a leadership position. By this time, Ghana had endured seven changes in government since 1957.

Rawlings established the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC), initially composed of seven members with him as chairman, to exercise executive and legislative powers.